unity编程实践-士兵巡逻技术实现代码分享

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作业要求创建一个地图和若干巡逻兵(使用动画)；
每个巡逻兵走一个3~5个边的凸多边型，位置数据是相对地址。即每次确定下一个目标位置，用自己当前位置为原点计算；
巡逻兵碰撞到障碍物，则会自动选下一个点为目标；
巡逻兵在设定范围内感知到玩家，会自动追击玩家；
失去玩家目标后，继续巡逻；
计分：玩家每次甩掉一个巡逻兵计一分，与巡逻兵碰撞游戏结束；

游戏设计要求工厂模式生产巡逻兵
部署工作
建立预制体

建立游戏地图预制，玩家预制和巡逻兵预制。其中，巡逻兵需要添加两个Collider，一个是Capsule Collider，添加在预制体父节点上，用于检测巡逻兵与玩家的碰撞。另一个是Box Collider，添加在预制体的子节点上，用于检测玩家进入巡逻兵巡逻的范围，可以通过调整Size的大小来控制检测的范围

重要代码分析
巡逻兵创建-PatrolData

public class PatrolData : MonoBehaviour
{
public int sign; //标志巡逻兵在哪一块区域
public bool follow_player = false; //是否跟随玩家
public int wall_sign = -1; //当前玩家所在区域标志
public GameObject player; //玩家游戏对象
public Vector3 start_position; //当前巡逻兵初始位置
}

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巡逻兵创建-PropFactory

利用工厂模式生产巡逻兵，用数组记录每个巡逻兵的位置，创建的9个巡逻兵的位置有规律，所以可以用循环初始化位置坐标。当游戏结束时候，巡逻兵跑的动作被停止，将巡逻兵的动画设置为初始状态。

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class PropFactory : MonoBehaviour
{
private GameObject patrol = null; //巡逻兵
private List<GameObject> used = new List<GameObject>(); //正在被使用的巡逻兵
private Vector3[] vec = new Vector3[9]; //保存每个巡逻兵的初始位置
public FirstSceneController sceneControler; //场景控制器
public List<GameObject> GetPatrols()
{
int[] pos_x = { -6, 4, 13 };
int[] pos_z = { -4, 6, -13 };
int index = 0;
for(int i=0;i < 3;i++)
{
for(int j=0;j < 3;j++)
{
vec[index] = new Vector3(pos_x[i], 0, pos_z[j]);
index++;
}
}
for(int i=0; i < 9; i++)
{
patrol = Instantiate(Resources.Load<GameObject>("Prefabs/Patrol"));
patrol.transform.position = vec[i];
patrol.GetComponent<PatrolData>().start_position = vec[i];
used.Add(patrol);
}
return used;
}
public void StopPatrol()
{
for (int i = 0; i < used.Count; i++)
{
used[i].gameObject.GetComponent<Animator>().SetBool("run", false);
}
}
}

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巡逻兵巡逻-GoPatrolAction

巡逻兵巡逻的动作，逻兵的巡逻轨迹为矩形，根据四个方向来选择要去到的目的地，当当前位置与目的地相差0.9f的时候，换一个方向继续巡逻；当发现附近存在玩家时，会调用回调函数，使得巡逻兵改为追踪状态，追踪玩家。

public class GoPatrolAction : SSAction
{
private enum Dirction { EAST, NORTH, WEST, SOUTH };
private float pos_x, pos_z; //移动前的初始x和z方向坐标
private float move_length; //移动的长度
private float move_speed = 1.2f; //移动速度
private bool move_sign = true; //是否到达目的地
private Dirction dirction = Dirction.EAST; //移动的方向
private PatrolData data; //侦察兵的数据
private GoPatrolAction() {}
public static GoPatrolAction GetSSAction(Vector3 location)
{
GoPatrolAction action = CreateInstance<GoPatrolAction>();
action.pos_x = location.x;
action.pos_z = location.z;
//设定移动矩形的边长
action.move_length = Random.Range(4, 7);
return action;
}
public override void Update()
{
if (data.alive == false){
this.destroy = true;
}
//防止碰撞发生后的旋转
if (transform.localEulerAngles.x != 0 || transform.localEulerAngles.z != 0)
{
transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(0, transform.localEulerAngles.y, 0);
}
if (transform.position.y != 0)
{
transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, 0, transform.position.z);
}
Gopatrol();
if (data.follow_player)
{
this.destroy = true;
this.callback.SSActionEvent(this,0,this.gameobject);
}
}
public override void Start()
{
this.gameobject.GetComponent<Animator>().SetBool("run", true);
data = this.gameobject.GetComponent<PatrolData>();
}
void Gopatrol()
{
if (move_sign)
{
switch (dirction)
{
case Dirction.EAST:
pos_x -= move_length;
break;
case Dirction.NORTH:
pos_z += move_length;
break;
case Dirction.WEST:
pos_x += move_length;
break;
case Dirction.SOUTH:
pos_z -= move_length;
break;
}
move_sign = false;
}
this.transform.LookAt(new Vector3(pos_x, 0, pos_z));
float distance = Vector3.Distance(transform.position, new Vector3(pos_x, 0, pos_z));
if (distance > 0.9)
{
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(this.transform.position, new Vector3(pos_x, 0, pos_z), move_speed * Time.deltaTime);
}
else
{
dirction = dirction + 1;
if(dirction > Dirction.SOUTH)
{
dirction = Dirction.EAST;
}
move_sign = true;
}
}
}

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巡逻兵追踪-PatrolFollowAction

巡逻兵将目标位置定位为玩家位置，将会向着玩家位置移动，直到玩家逃离追踪范围。

public class PatrolFollowAction : SSAction
{
private float speed = 2f; //跟随玩家的速度
private GameObject player; //玩家
private PatrolData data; //侦查兵数据
private PatrolFollowAction() {}
public static PatrolFollowAction GetSSAction(GameObject player)
{
PatrolFollowAction action = CreateInstance<PatrolFollowAction>();
action.player = player;
return action;
}
public override void Update()
{
if (data.alive == false){
this.destroy = true;
}
if (transform.localEulerAngles.x != 0 || transform.localEulerAngles.z != 0)
{
transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(0, transform.localEulerAngles.y, 0);
}
if (transform.position.y != 0)
{
transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, 0, transform.position.z);
}
Follow();
if (!data.follow_player)
{
this.destroy = true;
this.callback.SSActionEvent(this,1,this.gameobject);
}
}
public override void Start()
{
data = this.gameobject.GetComponent<PatrolData>();
}
void Follow()
{
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(this.transform.position, player.transform.position, speed * Time.deltaTime);
this.transform.LookAt(player.transform.position);
}
}

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巡逻兵追踪-PatrolFollowAction

巡逻兵将目标位置定位为玩家位置，将会向着玩家位置移动，直到玩家逃离追踪范围。

public class PatrolFollowAction : SSAction
{
private float speed = 2f; //跟随玩家的速度
private GameObject player; //玩家
private PatrolData data; //侦查兵数据
private PatrolFollowAction() {}
public static PatrolFollowAction GetSSAction(GameObject player)
{
PatrolFollowAction action = CreateInstance<PatrolFollowAction>();
action.player = player;
return action;
}
public override void Update()
{
if (data.alive == false){
this.destroy = true;
}
if (transform.localEulerAngles.x != 0 || transform.localEulerAngles.z != 0)
{
transform.localEulerAngles = new Vector3(0, transform.localEulerAngles.y, 0);
}
if (transform.position.y != 0)
{
transform.position = new Vector3(transform.position.x, 0, transform.position.z);
}
Follow();
if (!data.follow_player)
{
this.destroy = true;
this.callback.SSActionEvent(this,1,this.gameobject);
}
}
public override void Start()
{
data = this.gameobject.GetComponent<PatrolData>();
}
void Follow()
{
transform.position = Vector3.MoveTowards(this.transform.position, player.transform.position, speed * Time.deltaTime);
this.transform.LookAt(player.transform.position);
}
}

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动作管理类-SSActionManager

此类管理巡逻兵是巡逻状态还是追踪状态，巡逻动作结束条件是需要追捕玩家，使用此类来实现追捕动作。而当玩家离开追捕范围后，需要重新巡逻，也需要使用此类实现从初始的位置和方向继续巡逻。在游戏结束后，此类也负责摧毁所有动作，停止巡逻兵的移动。

public void SSActionEvent(SSAction source, int intParam = 0, GameObject objectParam = null)
{
if(intParam == 0)
{
//侦查兵跟随玩家
PatrolFollowAction follow = PatrolFollowAction.GetSSAction(objectParam.gameObject.GetComponent<PatrolData>().player);
this.RunAction(objectParam, follow, this);
}
else
{
//侦察兵按照初始位置开始继续巡逻
GoPatrolAction move = GoPatrolAction.GetSSAction(objectParam.gameObject.GetComponent<PatrolData>().start_position);
this.RunAction(objectParam, move, this);
//玩家逃脱
//Singleton<GameEventManager>.Instance.PlayerEscape();
}
}
public void DestroyAll()
{
foreach (KeyValuePair<int, SSAction> kv in actions)
{
SSAction ac = kv.Value;
ac.destroy = true;
}
}